EFEK HUBUNGAN PARASOSIAL PENGGEMAR KOREAN POP DI MEDIA SOSIAL TWITTER (Studi Deskriptif pada Fandom EXO-L Samarinda)

Mega Puspita Sari, Silviana Purwanti, Nurliah Nurliah

Abstract


Pseudo-relationship that created by EXO-Ls as fans and audiences with their media character, EXO through social media Twitter, is called a parasocial relationship. Through social media Twitter, fans can find out a real-time information and can interact with EXO, where in parasocial relationships the effects are sense of companionship, personal identity, pathological attitudes, pseudo-friendship, and behavioral guidelines. This research aims to find out, describe and analyze how the effects of parasocial relationships that occur on EXO fans, namely EXO-L in the city of Samarinda on Twitter. This research uses descriptive qualitative research with data collection techniques in the form of purposive sampling to obtain maximum information and data. Using Hoffner's Parasocial theory and Horton and Wohl's Parasocial theory, the results of this study indicate that the effects of parasocial relationships that occur in EXO-L Samarinda on Twitter are sense of companionship, personal identity, pathological attitudes, pseudofriendship, and behavioral guidelines.

Keywords


Parasocial, Effect Parasocial, Korean Pop, EXO-L, Twitter

References


Buku:

Cohen, J. 2009. Mediated Relationships and Media Effects. In R. L. Nabi, &

M. B. Oliver, The SAGE Handbook of Media Processes and Effects. Los Angeles: SAGE.

Fajar, M. 2009. Ilmu Komunikasi: Teori & Praktek. Yogyakarta: Graha Ilmu.

Samsu. 2017. Metode Penelitian: (Teori dan Aplikasi Penelitian Kualtitatif, Kuantitatif, Mixed Methods, serta Research & Development). Jambi: PUSAKA Jambi.

Sugiyono 2013. Metode Penelitian: Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Sugiyono 2018. Metode Penelitian: Kuantitatif, Kualitatif, dan R&D. Bandung: Alfabeta.

Jurnal:

Adi, G. K. 2019. “Korean Wave (Studi Tentang Pengaruh Budaya Korea Pada Pengemar K-Pop di Semarang)”. Semarang: Universitas Dipenogoro.

Anindyasari, Y. 2019. “Pengaruh Interaksi Parasosial Terhadap Hubungan Parasosial, Kredibilitas Endorser dan Niat Beli Penggemar Syahrini Terhadap Produk Kosmetik di Media Instagram”. Arthavidya Jurnal Ilmiah Ekonomi, 124-134.

Astagini, N., Kaihatu, V., & Prasetyo, Y. 2017. “Interaksi dan Hubungan Parasosial dalam Akun Media Sosial Selebriti Indonesia”. Communicology Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 67-93.

Ballantine, Paul. W., & Martin, Brett A. S. 2005. "Forming Parasocial Relationships in Online Communities", in NA – Advances in Consumer Research Volume 32, eds. Geeta Menon and Akshay R. Rao, Duluth. MN : Association for Consumer Research. 197-201.

Bennet, L. 2014. “Tracing Textual Poachers: Reflection on the development of fan studies an digital fandom”. Fandom studies.

Chung, S., & Cho, H. 2017. “Fostering Parasocial Relationships with Celebrities on Social Media: Implications for Celebrity Endorsement”. Pyschology & Marketing, 34(4), 481-495.

Cohen, J. 2014. “Mediated Relationships and Social Life”. Media and Social Life, 142-156.

Fuschillo, G. 2018. “Fans, Fandoms, or Fanaticsm?”. Consumer Culture, 1- 19.

Giles, D. 2002. “Parasocial Interaction: A Review of the Literature and a Model for Future Research”. Media Physcology, 4:3, 279-305. London: Lawrence Ealbaum Association.

Halimahyani, P. 2019. “Gambaran Interaksi Parasosial pada Remaja K- Pop”. Medan: Universitas Sumatera Utara.

Hartmann, T. 2008. “Parasocial Interaction and Paracommunication with New Media Characters”. Mediated Interpersonal Communication, 177-199.

Hartmann, T., & Goldhoorn, C. 2011. “Horton and Wohl

Revisited: Exploring Viewers' Expereince of Parasocial Interaction”. Communication, 1101-1121.

Hoffner, C. A. 2002. “Attachment to Media Characters”. Encyclopedia Communication and Information, I, 60-65.

Hoffner, C. A. 2008. “Parasocial and Online Social Relationships”. The Handbook of Children, Media, and Development, I, 309-333.

Horton, D., & Wohl, R. R. 1956. “Mass Communication and Para-Social Interaction”. Psychiatry, 215-229.

Kusumawati, R. F. 2016. “Fandom K-Pop Idol dan Media Sosial (Studi Deskriptif Kualitatif tentang Penggunaan Media Sosial Twitter pada Hottest Indonesia sebagai Followers Fanbase @taekchunID, @2PMindohottest dan Idol Account @Khunnie0624)”. Surakarta: Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta.

Liebers, N., & Schramm, H. 2019. “Parasocial Interaction and Relationships with Media Characters- An Inventory of 60 Years of Research”. Communication Research Trends, II, 4-31.

Oefly, Nashwa. 2015. “Pengaruh Attachment Styles dan Loneliness Terhadap Interaksi Parasosial Penggemar KPOP”. Jakarta: Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayahtullah.

Perbawani, P. S., & Nuralin, A. J. 2021. “Hubungan Parasosial dan Perilaku Loyalitas Fans dalam Fandom KPOP di Indonesia”. Lontar, 9 (1), 42-54.

Rubin, Rebecca B & McHugh, Michael P. 1987. “Development of parasocial interaction relationships”. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 3(31), 279-292.

Sa'diyah, S. S. 2019. “Budaya Penggemar di Era Digital (Studi Etnografi Virtual pada Penggemar BTS di Twitter)”. Komunikasi.

Sagita, A., & Kadewandana, D. 2018. “Hubungan Parasosial di Media Sosial (Studi Pada Fandom Army di Twitter)”. Strategic Communication, 45-58.

Schramm, H., & Hartmann, T. 2008. “The PSI-Process Scales: A New Measure to Assess the Intensity and Breadth of Parasocial Process”. Communications, 33(4), 385-401.

Sukmana, Priscalina Dea. 2015. “Studi Deskriptif Mengenai Interaksi Parasosil pada Perempuan Dewasa Awal di Komunitas Fans Exo Bandung”. Bandung: Universitas Islam Bandung.

Turner, J. R. 1993. “Interpersonal and Psychological Predictors of Parasocial Interaction with Different Television Performers”. Communication Quarterly, 443-453.

Watie, E. D. 2011. “Komunikasi dan Media Sosial (Communications and Social Media)”. The Messenger, 69- 75.

Sumber Internet

“7 Cara EXO-L Merayakan Anniversary EXO”. 2019, April 8. Retrieved from Kumparan: https://m.kumparank-pop/7- cara-exo-l-merayakan-anniversary-exo- 1qqZP5FSRew

“Indonesia Urutan 4 Penggemar KPOP Versi Twitter”. 2020, September 22. Retrieved from mediaindonesia.com: https://mediaindonesia.com/read/detail/34 6918- indonesia-urutan-4-penggemar-k- pop-versi-twitter.

Andryanto, S. Dian. 2021, Agustus 27. “Pelaku Ujaran Kebencian Terancam 6 Tahun Penjara serta Denda Maksimal 1 M” Retrieved from Tempo: https://nasional.tempo.co/read/1499383/p elaku-ujaran-kebencian-terancam-6- tahun-penjara-serta-denda-maksimal-rp1- m.

Angeline, N. 2018, Desember 4. “Melesatnya Perkembangan Budaya Korea di Indonesia.” Retrieved from Kompasiana: https://www.kompasiana.com/nancyangel ine/5c062a95bde5752aee3e0677/melesatn

ya-perkembangan-budaya-korea-di- indonesia.

Arindanvts. 2020, Desember 20. “Korean Wave atau Hallyu, Demam Baru di Masyarakat?”. Retrieved from Kumparan: https://m.kumparan.com/arindanvts/korea n-wave-atau-hallyu-demam-baru-di- masyarakat-1usNNFcLB6U/1.

Diniah, N. 2020. “EXO Banyak Dapat Cobaan, EXO-L Disebut Sebagai Fandom Dengan Mental Terkuat!”. Retrieved from Winnetnews: https://m.winnetnews.com/post/exo- banyak-dapat-cobaan-exo-l-disebut- sebagai-fandom-dengan-mental-terkuat “EXO-L Pasang LED Show untuk EXO di Burj Khalifa”. 2018, Juli 10. Retrieved from

Kumparan: https://m.kumparan.com/amp/kumparank- pop/exol-pasang-led-show-untuk-exo-di- burj-khalifa-27431110790542267

“Fans Buat Iklan di Pesawat untuk Ulang Tahun Sehun EXO”. 2019, Mei 29. Retrieved from Kumparan: https://m.kumparan.com/amp/kumparank- pop/fans-buat-iklan-iklan-di-pesawat- untuk-ulang-tahun-sehun-exo- 1rAnJPmZisB

Khalika, N. N. 2018, November 19. “Sejarah K-Pop: Kesuksesan H.O.T Melahirkan Wabah Korean Pop”. Retrieved from tirto.id:

https://tirto.id/sejarah-k-pop- kesuksesanhot-melahirkan-wabah-korean- pop-dagn.

Kusumastuti, L. 2021, April 12. “Kemeriahan Ulang Tahun Sehun, Fans Sampai Sewa Pulau”. Retrieved from Fimela: https://m.fimela.com/amp/4529907/kemer iahan-ulang-tahun-sehun-fans-sampai- sewa-pulau

Lina, C. 2020, Agustus 5. “Anniversary ke- 6! 12 Fakta EXO-L, Fandom EXO yang Kompak Banget”. Retrieved from IDNTimes: https://www/idntimes.com/hype/entertain ment/amp/noorfitriyani/anniversary-6- exol-c1c2

Mahanani, R. 2020, Juli 26. “Apa itu Fandom? Ini Penjelasannya Terkait Dunia Kpop yang Digandrungi”. Retrieved from Kids.grid.id: https://kids.grid.id/amp/472261636/apa- itu-fandom-ini-penjelasannya-terkait- dunia-kpop-yang-digandrungi?page=all Prasetya, A. B. 2016, Juli 16. “Trend Media Sosial di Kalangan Remaja dalam Perspektif Budaya Populer”. Retrieved from http://arifbudi.lecture.ib.ac.id/2016/07/tre nd-media-sosial-di-kalangan-remaja- dalam-perspektif-budaya-populer-

disampaikan-dalam-konferensi-comicos- di-universitas-atmajaya.

Ramadhan, B. 2020, Februari 16. “Data internet di Indonesia dan Perilakunya”. Retrieved from teknoia.com: https://teknoia.com/data-internet-di- indonesia-dan-perilakunya880c7bc7cd19. Ramadhan, B. 2020, Februari 13. “Ini Data Pengguna Internet di Seluruh Dunia Tahun 2020”. Retrieved from teknoia: https://teknoia.com/data-pengguna- internet-duniaac03abc7476.

Safitri, Camelia. 2019, April 19. “Ini Perjalanan 7 Tahun Karir Boyband EXO, Penuh Prestasi”. Retreived from https://www.idntimes.com/hype/entertain ment/amp/camelia-safitri/ini- perjalanan- 7-tahun-karir-boyband-exo-penuh- prestasi-c1c2.

Syaaf, Syafrina. 2020, Mei 21. “8 Tahun Eksis & Terus Berjaya, Tengok 5 Prestasi EXO nan Membanggakan”. Retrieved from https://www.insertlive.com/korea/202005 21095740-191-142141/8-tahun-eksis- terus-berjaya-tengok-5-prestasi-exo-nan- membanggakan/amp.

Syafina, D. C. 2018, Oktober 8. “SM Entertainment Kerja Sama dengan Trans Media untuk Usaha Patungan”. Retrieved from tirto.id:

https://tirto.id/smentertainment-kerja-sama-dengan-trans-media-untuk-usaha- patungan-c5vo.

Update, S. 2021, Juli 27. “Album EXO, Ini 5 Judul Pencetak Million Seller”. Retrieved from Kumparan: https://m/kumparan.com/amp/seleb- update/album-exo-ini=5-judul-pencetak- million-seller-1wDN9DqYOKi

Widi, A. 2019, Januari 25. “Masih Ramai, Ini 5 Kelebihan Twitter Dibanding Media Sosial Lain!“ Retrieved from IDN Times: https://www.idntimes.com/life/inspiration/amp/annisa-widi-astuty/kelebihan-pakai- twitter=c1c2-1.

Yusron, A. A. 2020, Februari 25. “Indonesia Jadi Negara ke-2 Terbanyak Memutar Lagu K-Pop”. Retrieved from detikhot: https://hot.detik.com/kpop/d- 4913437/indonesia-jadi-negara-ke-2- terbanyak-memutar-lagu-k-pop




DOI: https://doi.org/10.32528/mdk.v5i2.7876

Copyright (c) 2022 MEDIAKOM

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

p ISSN: 2580-1899

e ISSN: 2656-5706