PERAN MODAL SOSIAL DALAM MEMPERTAHANKAN EKSISTENSI PANTI ASUHAN (Studi Kasus di Panti Asuhan Nurul Haq Kelurahan Masigi Kecamatan Parigi Kabupaten Parigi Moutong)

Abstract

Abstrak

Pembangunan setiap wilayah khususnya pemekaran yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Kabupaten Parigi Moutong, tidak bisa dipandang sebelah sisi. Permasalahan utama adalah  tingginya kemiskinan yang mendesak ekonomi keluarga, sehingga berdampak pada perpecahan keluarga, perceraian, dan anak terlantar. Diperlukan suatu lembaga yang bisa membina anak-anak tersebut. Oleh karena itu peneliti ingin mencari peranan modal sosial di Panti Asuhan Nurul Haq, bagaimana peranan modal sosal dipertahankan dan mekanismenya. Metode penelitian menggunakan kualitatif dengan teknik analisis data dan menerapkan metode triangulasi dalam memperoleh keabsahan data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepercayaan, norma, dan jaringan terbangun dari nilai persahabatan antara penggagas dan rekan kerjanya. Sehingga saling bertanggungjawab atas pembagian perannya di bidang peternakan, perkebunan, dakwah, wirausaha dan pertanian. Kondisi tersebut memperkuat hubungan internal kelompok (bonding), akhirnya mereka juga membangun kerjasama dengan beberapa donatur yayasan (bridging), dinas pemerintah (linking) dan terjalin hubungan timbal balik (resiprositas). Kemudian, setelah pergantian kepengurusan terjadi pelemahan kepercayaan (low trust) dan perkembangannya modal sosial dipelihara atas dasar jasa pendiri dan nilai kekerabatan.

Kata kunci: modal sosial, social bonding, social bridging, social linking, dan panti asuhan nurul haq

Abstract

Development of every region, especially pemekaran made by the goverment of parigi moutong regency, can not be regarded as one side. The main  problem is the high poverty urging the family economy, thus impacting the family split, diforce and abandonment of childrent. It takes an institution that can foster the child. Therefore, the researcher wanted to find the role of social capital of nurul haq orphanage, how the role of social capital is maintained and its mechanism. The research method used qualitative with data analysis tehnique and applied triangulation method in obtaining data validity. The results showed the trust, norms, and networks awakened from the value of friendship between the initiator and his co workers. So mutually responsible for the division of roles in the field of livestock, plantation, indentures, enterpreneurship and agriculture. These conditions strengthen the internal relations of the group (bonding), eventually they also build cooperation with some donors of the fondation (bridging), goverment agencies (linking), and established reciprocal relationship (reciprocity). Then, after the change of management there is a weakening of trust (low trust) and the defelopment of social capital is maintained on the basis of the services of the founder and the value of kinship.

Keyword: social capital, social bonding, social bridging, social linking, and panti asuhan   nurul haq