Alat Pereduksi Lonjakan Starting Alat Listrik Pada Rumah Tangga Dengan Menggunakan Mikrokontroler Atmega8 dan Opto-Triac

Andri Nugroho, Aripriharta Aripriharta, Slamet Wibawanto, Mohamad Rodhi Faiz, Ilham Faidzin, Suhiro Wongso Susilo

Abstract


Pada awal operasi, peralatan listrik mengalami lonjakan arus yang lebih besar dari arus nominalnya, terutama pada alat yang mengandung transistor dan gabungan rangkaian yang rentan terhadap tegangan transien akibat penyalaan awal. Lonjakan arus ini dapat merusak komponen elektronik seperti transistor dan gabungan rangkaian. Oleh karena itu, dibutuhkan alat yang dapat mengurangi dampak buruk dari arus transien ini, terutama pada saat beban puncak terjadi. Alat ini bekerja dengan menggunakan mikrokontroler ATMega8 dan opto-triac MOC3041, yang akan mengalirkan tegangan 220Vac ke beban secara aman. Alat pereduksi ini telah diuji pada lemari es "LG" berdaya 343 Watt, dan hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa alat ini dapat mengurangi lonjakan arus sebesar 31,52% dari arus sebelum penggunaan alat pereduksi. Alat pereduksi ini dirancang untuk skala rumah tangga 900VA dengan tegangan AC 220 Volt dan frekuensi 50 Hz. Selain itu, dalam penelitian ini juga dilakukan analisis terhadap arus transien sebelum dan setelah penggunaan alat pereduksi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa lonjakan arus transien yang terjadi saat peralatan listrik dihidupkan dapat mencapai puluhan kali lipat dari arus nominalnya. Selain itu, alat pereduksi yang dirancang pada penelitian ini juga memiliki fitur proteksi terhadap overcurrent dan overvoltage yang dapat menjaga keamanan peralatan listrik. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi solusi untuk mengurangi kerusakan komponen elektronik akibat arus transien dan meningkatkan umur pakai peralatan listrik di rumah tangga.

Keywords


Arus Transien; Opto-triac; Triac

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.32528/elkom.v7i1.18515

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